文稿:傲雪
图片:卫生部
翻译:Tiffany
编辑:Jayden
新西兰卫生部1月26日下午消息，政府宣布对Omicron采取三阶段公共卫生应对措施。
★将第二和第三阶段病例和密切接触者的隔离期缩短至10天和7天。
★定义密切接触者，以隔离家庭或家庭的变化，如第三阶段的接触者。
★增加使用快速抗原检测，并为卫生和关键劳
动力制定的检测返回政策。
★更多地使用技术，包括针对病例和密切接触者的短信通知以及自动识别接触者。
政府宣布了一项三阶段Omicron计划，旨在减缓和限制疫情的蔓延。生部副部长艾莎·维拉尔(Ayesha Verrall)博士今天宣布。
生部副部长艾莎·维拉尔博士说:”通过管理Omicron的过程，我们将采取分阶段的方法。随着病例数的增长，检测和隔离方法都将发生变化”。
他说”其他国家不得不在大范围疫情期间调整其应对措施。我们在大病例数量之前制定更改，以便让人们更清楚地了解每个阶段的期望和他们需要做什么。
世界上几乎没有一个国家逃脱过Omicron，新西兰也不例外。但是，我们可以成为例外的地方是我们如何最大限度地减少病毒的影响并保护我们的人民免受其侵害。
疫苗接种仍然是我们对抗病毒最有效的武器。Omicron变体明显不如以前的变体严重。一份美国报告显示，住院率比三角洲变异低10倍。接种疫苗也降低了其传播和严重程度。
到目前为止，我们一直专注于将Omicron尽可能长时间地排除在社区之外，同时我们为儿童和成年人群提供疫苗接种和加强剂。
现在它在这里，我们预计病例数将迅速增长，并使我们的卫生系统面临相当大的压力，Omicron的三个阶段。
第一阶段:
第一阶段是我们现在所处的位置，我们正在做我们与病毒成功完成的事情采取’消灭它’的方法。
从广义上讲，这包括相同的接触者追踪，隔离，并要求每个有症状的人都在社区检测站或初级卫生保健提供者那里接受检测。
如果需要隔离，您将收到建议，并在需要时获得支持；在此阶段，如果您是病例，则需要隔离14天，如果您是接触者，则需要隔离10天。
我们的目标是尽可能长时间地将病例保持在尽可能低的水平，以便在Omicron广泛传播的情况下促进人们和儿童接种疫苗。
第二阶段:
在第二阶段，我们的目标是减缓传播并保护我们的脆弱社区。
该系统将进行调整，以更多地关注识别那些从Omicron中患重病风险更高的人 – 这将是较小的病例百分比。
在第二阶段，我们将根据海外最佳实践，将病例的隔离期缩短至10天，将接触者缩短至7天。
家庭接触者将由接触者追踪服务积极管理，密切接触者需要在第五天进行PCR检测。
病例数的迅速增加以及由此给我们的资源带来的压力也将要求我们从识别所有受感染的个人转向更针对那些风险最大的人和那些需要保持国家运转的人。
数字技术在这个阶段被更多地使用。病例将通过短信通知，并被引导到在线自我调查工具，该工具将侧重于高风险暴露。信息将通过电子邮件提供，并且基于电话的面试仍将在需要时进行。其他形式的支持将提供给需要它的人。
我们还将改变目前对病例密切接触者的关键工作者的检测要求。检测和追踪的主要重点将是保护这些劳动力和最容易变得严重不适的人。
第二阶段，我们将看到更广泛地使用该测试以重返工作岗位的政策，其中关键劳动力中的无症状接触者可以返回阴性的快速抗原测试以开始工作。
我们将继续管理对有症状的人和PCR检测的密切接触者的检测，但我们将为使用快速抗原检测的病例密切接触者的无症状关键工作者提供’检测返回’。这些人，如我们的医护人员，以及从事食品供应和基础设施工作的人，是我们应对COVID-19以及确保新西兰人能够继续获得所需服务的关键。
快速抗原检测（RAT）将在此阶段集成到我们的检测系统中，并将与PCR检测一起工作。
当实验室由于大量或运输延迟而无法在有用的时间范围内提供PCR结果时，它们将非常有用。
第三阶段:
在第三阶段，当病例数千例时，我们将对接触者追踪做出进一步的改变。接触者的定义将更改为家庭和家庭，如仅接触者。这将意味着需要隔离风险最高的接触者。
支持自助服务，用于诊断COVID的快速抗原检测以及能够识别高风险接触者的自助服务工具对于应对大量Omicron病例具有重要意义。
在这一阶段将继续使用数字技术，并将支持人们自我通知密切接触者。将继续支持我们社区中那些没有启用数字功能的成员。
大多数人将得到支持，并能够在家中自我管理和隔离;临床护理将专注于任何有高需求的人。
临床护理和福利支持将根据需要进行。
在第二阶段和第三阶段的过程中，我们有一个测试返回制度，该制度将适用于我们的关键劳动力，以保持他们在疫情期间继续。
我们的计划很简单增强，戴口罩，遵循我们已经熟悉的基本卫生规则，并尽可能减少接触。
我们已经减缓了病毒进入社区的速度，并给了家庭和企业时间做好准备。与往常一样，我们每个人作为个体都可以做的事情将有所作为”。艾莎·维拉尔说
他还说:”Omicron现在遍布全球80多个国家。通过推迟它的到来，我们有时间启动加强剂，为儿童接种疫苗，并做好准备。我鼓励每个人利用接下来的日子在家里采取措施，并与家人，邻居和社区一起制定计划。帮助您做到这一点的资源位于Unite Against Covid-19网站上”。
详细参照政府附上列出了Omicron计划的三个阶段的文件。
26 January，Government announces three phase public health response to Omicron
· Reducing isolation period for cases and close contacts at Phase Two and Three to 10 and seven days
· Definition of close contact required to isolate changes to household or household like contacts at Phase Three
· Increased use of rapid antigen tests with test to return policy put in place for health and critical workforce
· Greater use of technology, including text notifications for cases and close contacts and automated contact identification
The Government has announced a three phase Omicron plan that aims to slow down and limit the spread of an outbreak, Associate Minister of Health, Dr Ayesha Verrall announced today.
“Through the course of managing Omicron, we will be taking a phased approach. As case numbers grow both testing and isolation approaches will change in response,” Dr Ayesha Verrall said.
“Other countries have had to adapt their response in the middle of widespread outbreaks. We are setting out the changes ahead of large case numbers to give people a clearer idea of what to expect and what they need to do at each phase.
“Almost no country in the world has escaped Omicron and New Zealand is no exception. But where we can be an exception is how well we minimise the impact of the virus and protect our people from it.
“Vaccination remains our most effective weapon against the virus. The Omicron variant is markedly less severe, than prior variants. One US report suggests the hospitalisation rate is 10 times less than the Delta variant. Its transmission and severity is also reduced by vaccination.
“So far, we’ve been focused on keeping Omicron out of the community for as long as possible while we roll out vaccinations to children and boosters for our adult population.
“Now that it is here, we expect case numbers to grow rapidly and put our health system under considerable pressure.
The three phases for Omicron:
Phase One
“Phase one is where we are now and we are doing what we have successfully done with Delta – taking a ‘stamp it out’ approach.
“Broadly speaking, that includes the same contact tracing, isolation, and request that everyone who is symptomatic be tested at a community testing station or at a primary health provider.
“If you are required to isolate, you will receive advice and – if needed – support to do so; at this phase you will need to isolate for 14 days if you are a case, and 10 days if you are contact.
“Our objective is to keep cases as low as possible for as long as possible to allow people to be boosted and children to be vaccinated without Omicron being widespread.
Phase Two
“In Phase Two, our objective is to slow the spread and protect our vulnerable communities.
“The system will be adjusted to focus much more on identifying those who are at greater risk of severe illness from Omicron – which will be a smaller percentage of cases.
“In Phase Two, we will reduce the isolation period for cases to 10 days and contacts to seven days in line with best practice overseas.
“Household contacts will actively be managed by contact tracing services, with close contacts requiring a PCR test on day five.
“A rapid escalation in case numbers and the resulting pressure on our resources will also require us to shift from identifying all infected individuals to being more targeted to those most at risk and those needed to keep the country going.
“Digital technology is used more in this phase. Cases will be notified via text message and be directed to an online self-investigation tool which will focus on high risk exposures. Information will be provided via email and phone based interviews will still take place where it’s required. Other forms of support will be available to those who need it.
“We will also change our current testing requirements for critical workers who are close contacts of cases. The prime focus of testing and tracing will be protecting this workforce and those most vulnerable to becoming severely unwell.
“Phase Two is where we will see more widespread use of the test to return to work policy where asymptomatic contacts in critical workforces can return a negative rapid antigen test in order to go to work.
“We will continue to manage testing of symptomatic people and close contacts with PCR testing but we will be enabling ‘test to return’ for asymptomatic critical workers who are close contacts of cases using Rapid Antigen Tests. These are people like our healthcare workers and those working in food supply and infrastructure who are key to our response to COVID-19 and also in ensuring New Zealanders can continue to access the services they need.
“Rapid antigen tests (RATs) will be integrated into our testing system at this phase and will work alongside PCR tests.
“They will be useful when the laboratories cannot provide PCR results within a useful time frame because of large volumes or because of transport delays.”
Phase Three
“At Phase Three, when cases are in the thousands, we will make further changes to contact tracing. The definition of contacts will change to household and household like contacts only. This will mean the highest risk contacts will need to isolate.
“Supported self-service, rapid antigen testing for diagnosing COVID and a self-service tool to enable identification of high risk contacts will be significant to respond to the high volumes of Omicron cases.
Digital technologies will continue to be utilised at this Phase, and people will be supported to self-notify close contacts. There will be continued support for those members of our community who are not digitally enabled.
The majority of people will be supported and be able to self-manage and isolate at home; and clinical care will focus on anyone with high needs.
Clinical care and welfare support will be targeted based on need.
“Through the course of Phase Two and Three, we have a test to return regime that will apply to our critical workforces, to keep them going through the outbreak.
“Our plan is simple – get boosted, wear a mask, follow basic hygiene rules we’ve become so familiar with and reduce contact as much as is practical.
“We have slowed the virus from entering the community and given households and businesses time to prepare. As always, it’s what each and everyone one of us can do as individuals that will make a difference.
“Omicron is now in more than 80 countries around the world. By delaying its arrival here we’ve had the time to kick off boosters, vaccinations for children, and prepare. I encourage everyone to use the coming days to take steps at home and with your family, neighbours and community to make a plan. Resources to help you do this are on the Unite Against Covid-19 website,” Dr Ayesha Verrall said.
Notes: A one page document setting out the three phases of our Omicron plan is attached.
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